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[33] |
Illustrations for the STRs: https://www.google.com/search > |
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search “Short Tandem Repeats” > choose "images for Short Tandem Repeats" |
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[34] |
STR names ‘DYSddd’: all STRs have a unique identification number (e.g. 393, 442), |
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with DYS, DYZ, or DYF prefixes: ‘D’ stands for DNA, ‘Y’ stands for Y chromosome, |
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and S, Z, or F shows the complexity of the repeat segment: ‘S’ is a unique segment, |
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‘Z’ has repetitive segments at one site, ‘F’ has multiple copies on the Y chromosome. |
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learn/y-dna-testing/y-str/dys-dyz-dyf-prefixes-y-dna-str-names-mean |
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[35] |
Y-STR markers (mutation rates): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Y-STR_markers |
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[36] |
Genetic Distance (GD) (hybrid mutation counts, or infinite allele model) |
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a. Hybrid Mutation Model: stepwise mutation model, assumes each mutation changes |
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the allele value by exactly one, so a difference of two means that two mutations |
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occurred, and a difference of three means that three mutations occurred. |
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b. Infinite Allele Mutation Model: assumes that the entire difference between allele |
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values, no matter how large, is the result of one mutation. |
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[37] |
The Western Atlantic Modal Haplotype (WAMH) (standard set of 12 STR markers): |
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[38] |
The Irish Modal Haplotype (IMH) and the (North West) NW Irish project |
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[39] |
The Y Chromosome Consortium: http://isogg.org/wiki/Y_Chromosome_Consortium |
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[40] |
“Let's All Start Using Terminal SNP Labels Instead of Y Haplogroup Subclade Names, |
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Okay?", by CeCe Moore, September 20, 2012, on her blog, Your Genetic Genealogist: |
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http://www.yourgeneticgenealogist.com/2012/09/lets-all-start-using-terminal-snp.html |
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[41] |
(North West) NW Irish Y-DNA haplogroup project: http://isogg.org/wiki/NW_Irish |
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and Haplogroup R1b (> R1b-M222): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R1b |
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[42] |
SNP names include a ‘discovery’ prefix and sequential number; some of the codes are |
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*A* and *L* by Thomas Krahn, MSc (Dipl.-Ing.), YSEQ.net, Berlin, Germany [30] |
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*DF* by anonymous researcher(s) using publicly available full-genome-sequence data |
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*FGC* by Full Genomes Corporation, Rockville, Maryland [28] |
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M by Peter Underhill, Ph.D. of Stanford University, Palo Alto, California |
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P by Michael Hammer, Ph.D. of University of Arizona, Tuscon, Arizona |
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*S* by James F. Wilson, D.Phil. at Edinburgh University, Scotland |
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*Y* by the Y Full Team using data from next-generation sequencing samples [29] |
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[43] |
SNP data: The Big Tree: Mutations: http://www.ytree.net/SNPIndex.php |
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e.g. Names / POSITION-ANC-DER / Region / STR Blocks |
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FGC19846 18114115-T-G FGC19846 |
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. . . FGC19849 22437424-C-T DYZ19 FGC19846 |
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[44] |
SNP data: SNPedia Wiki for Personal Genomics: http://snpedia.com/index.php/SNPedia |
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_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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McAninch Y-DNA Status Report 2016: Source Notes and References: Notes [33] to [44] |
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McAninch Family History NL v.XXIV n.1 / April 2016 / Copyright Frank McAninch / pg.2016-17 |
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